This article describes the procedure for digital subtraction angiography (DSA) in patients with internal carotid stenosis. It highlights the use of an iodine-based contrast medium to visualize blood flow and vascular structures in the brain.
Position a human patient with internal carotid stenosis, a condition characterized by narrowing of the internal carotid artery, on the imaging table for digital subtraction angiography (DSA).
Insert an angiocatheter into the common carotid artery at the fourth cervical vertebra level.
Capture a pre-contrast X-ray image to record background structures like bones and soft tissues using X-ray irradiation.
Administer an iodine-based contrast medium into the carotid artery.
The contrast medium travels uniformly through the brain’s vasculature, enabling dynamic imaging of flow patterns.
The iodine in the medium absorbs X-ray radiation, making blood vessels appear bright and well-defined while non-vascular structures remain less prominent.
Obtain real-time X-ray images to track contrast movement through the vascular system.
Digitally subtract the pre-contrast X-ray image from the contrast-enhanced images to isolate vascular structures.
The subtracted X-ray image reveals contrast-filled blood vessels, clearly depicting carotid artery narrowing and its hemodynamic impact.
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