This article describes the procedure for high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS), a noninvasive brain stimulation technique. The method involves precise electrode placement and stimulation to modulate neuronal activity in targeted brain regions.
Begin with a human participant wearing a plastic device cap fitted with embedded casings, aligned to the 10–10 electroencephalography or EEG electrode placement system.
The 10–10 system positions the electrodes precisely over the target brain region.
Use a 3D digitizer to map these points to brain coordinates.
From the casings, separate the hair and apply conductive gel to the scalp.
Insert the electrodes into the casings for contact with the gel-covered scalp.
Connect the electrodes to a stimulation device.
Activate the device to deliver direct current using high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation, or HD-tDCS, a noninvasive brain stimulation technique.
HD-tDCS delivers a weak, focused electric current to the target brain region.
Within the brain, the electric field alters ion movement across neuronal membranes, shifting their resting state.
This triggers neurons to transmit more signals, modulating communication with the neighboring neurons.
As a result, HD-tDCS enables controlled neuronal activation, allowing focused stimulation in the target region.
Place the plastic device cap onto the subject's head, and embed the five plastic high-definition casings in the swimming cap.
Locate the vertex FPZ and OZ of the subject, and adjust the reference on the cap to align with the international 10-10 system for scalp locations. When the cap is in place, use the 3D digitizer to collect the position data of the stimulated brain areas. Next, use the end of a plastic syringe to carefully separate the hair through the opening of the plastic casing, until the scalp is exposed, and cover the exposed skin with the electrically conductive gel.
On the device, turn on the four by one multi-channel stimulation adapter and set the quality value. Confirm that the default setting is set to scan, and press the mode select button. Switch from the scan to pass and press the polarity button to select, either center anode or cathode.
Adjust the settings on the conventional transcranial direct current stimulation device to include the stimulus duration, intensity and sham condition setting and push the relax lever to switch to full current. Once everything has been set, press the start button to initiate the stimulation. The D.C.intensity will ramp up until the target current is reached, and the timer will then show the remaining time.
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