作者:Timothy C. Chang1,2, Jen-Jane Liu1,2, Joseph C. Liao1,2
1Department of Urology,Stanford University School of Medicine , 2Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System
简介:Probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy enables real-time microscopy of the human urinary tract during cystoscopy, providing dynamic, intravital imaging of pathological states such as bladder cancer with cellular resolution. Endomicroscopy may augment the diagnostic accuracy of standard white light endoscopy and provide intraoperative image guidance to improve surgical resection.