Begin with an anesthetized human patient diagnosed with recurrent glioblastoma, an invasive tumor characterized by tumor cell infiltration into the surrounding peritumoral region.
The peritumoral region retains an intact blood-brain barrier (BBB), where tight junctions between endothelial cells restrict drug penetration.
Make an incision in the scalp, create an opening in the skull, and insert a laser probe into the tumor core using MRI guidance.
Deliver laser light through the probe.
Tissue chromophores absorb the light and convert it into heat, generating localized hyperthermia or elevated tissue temperature.
The laser induces a heat gradient, with temperatures peaking at the tumor core and declining toward the periphery.
High core temperatures denature cellular proteins and induce coagulative necrosis, a form of cell death.
Moderate hyperthermia at the periphery disrupts the tight junctions in the BBB.
The temporary BBB disruption facilitates drug delivery to infiltrating tumor cells in the peritumoral region.
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