生成中...【新闻麻辣烫】
"中美贸易战'续费'90天！关税大战最后一刻踩刹车，企业主却更焦虑了"——就在双方即将互征惩罚性关税前几小时，中美宣布将贸易休战期延长至11月10日。虽然避免了145% vs 125%的"关税核战"，但美国玩具商吐槽："现在连产品定价都成玄学！"最戏剧的是，特朗普一边喊着"我们被外国人抢劫了"，一边刚和芯片商达成"史上最奇葩协议"：允许向华出售高端芯片，但得交15%收入当"保护费"。（配图：特朗普签署行政令时"蜜汁微笑"的特写）
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**US and China extend trade truce to avoid tariffs hike**
**中美延长贸易休战期以避免关税升级**
2 days ago Share Save Natalie Sherman & Osmond Chia BBC News Share Save
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The US and China have extended their trade truce for another 90 days, just hours before the world's two biggest economies were set to raise tariffs on imports of each other's goods. On Monday, US President Donald Trump signed an executive order to keep the pause in place until 10 November, while Beijing also announced an extension. It means the US will hold its levy on Chinese imports at 30%, while China will keep a 10% tariff on American goods. Washington had threatened trade taxes as high as 145% on Chinese products earlier this year, with Beijing hitting back with 125% duties on US shipments. The rates for both countries were scaled back after a round of trade talks held in Geneva in May.
中美在两大经济体即将互征关税前数小时，将贸易休战期延长90天。周一美国总统特朗普签署行政令将暂停期延至11月10日，北京方面也宣布延期。这意味着美国对华进口商品维持30%关税，中国对美商品保持10%关税。今年早些时候华盛顿曾威胁对华商品征收高达145%的关税，北京则反击对美商品加征125%关税。5月日内瓦贸易谈判后双方税率有所回调。
The latest extension will give more time for further negotiations about"remedying trade imbalances" and"unfair trade practices", the White House said. It cited a trade deficit of nearly $300bn (£223bn) with China in 2024 - the largest among any of its trading partner. The talks will also aim to increase access for US exporters to China and address national security and economic issues, the statement said. A spokesperson for the Chinese embassy in Washington said:"Win-win cooperation between China and the United States is the right path; suppression and containment will lead nowhere." China also called on the US to lift its"unreasonable" trade restrictions, work together to benefit companies on both sides and maintain the stability of global semiconductor production. Tariffs - taxes charged on goods bought from other countries that are typically a percentage of a product's value - have been a key focus of Trump since he returned to the White House in January. He has repeatedly said tariffs will encourage US consumers to buy more American-made goods, increase the amount of tax raised and boost investment. Referring to his trading partners around the world, the US presiden has argued that his country has been taken advantage of by"cheaters", and"pillaged" by foreigners.
白宫表示最新延期将为"纠正贸易失衡"和"不公平贸易行为"的谈判争取时间。声明指出2024年对华贸易逆差达近3000亿美元（约合2230亿英镑），是美国所有贸易伙伴中最大的。谈判还将致力于扩大美国对华出口准入，解决国家安全和经济问题。中国驻华盛顿大使馆发言人表示："中美合作共赢才是正道，打压遏制只会双输。"中方还呼吁美方取消"不合理"贸易限制，共同造福两国企业，维护全球半导体产业链稳定。关税——对进口商品按价值百分比征收的税——自特朗普1月重返白宫后一直是其政策核心。他多次表示关税将促使美国消费者更多购买本国商品，增加税收并刺激投资。特朗普称美国被"骗子"占便宜，遭外国人"掠夺"。
A return of higher duties would have risked further trade turmoil and uncertainty amid worries about the effect of tariffs on prices and the economy. But one US business owner told BBC Radio 4's Today programme that the extension just meant further uncertainty."There's no way to plan for the future of the business," said Beth Benike, founder of Busy Baby."Since I have no idea what the tariff is actually going to end up being I have no control or idea about the pricing that's going to work for my business," she said. Tensions between the US and China reached fever pitch in April, after Trump unveiled sweeping new tariffs on goods from countries around the world, with China facing some of the highest levies. Beijing retaliated with tariffs of its own, sparking a tit-for-tat fight that saw tariffs soar into the triple digits and nearly shut down trade between the two countries. The two sides had agreed to set aside some of those measures in May. That agreement left Chinese goods entering the US facing an additional 30% tariff compared with the start of the year, with US goods facing a new 10% tariff in China. The two sides remain in discussions about issues including access to China's rare earths, its purchases of Russian oil, and US curbs on sales of advanced technology, including chips to China. Trump recently relaxed some of those export restrictions, allowing firms such as AMD and Nvidia to resume sales of certain chips to firms in China in exchange for sharing 15% of their revenues with the US government. That"unprecedented" agreement has provoked criticism, with some calling it a"shakedown". The US is also pushing for the spin-off of TikTok from its Chinese owner ByteDance, a move that has been opposed by Beijing. Earlier on Monday in remarks to reporters, Trump did not commit to extending the truce but said dealings had been going"nicely". A day earlier he called on Beijing to increase its purchases of US soybeans. Even with the pause, trade flows between the countries have been hit this year, with US government figures showing US imports of Chinese goods in June cut nearly in half compared with June 2024. In the first six months of the year, the US imported $165bn worth of goods from China, down by about 15% from the same time last year. American exports to China fell roughly 20% year-on-year for the same period.
关税回升可能引发更多贸易动荡和不确定性，加剧对价格和经济影响的担忧。但美国企业主向BBC表示延期反而带来更多不确定性。Busy Baby创始人Beth Benike说："根本无法规划企业未来，连产品定价都成谜。"4月特朗普宣布全球性新关税后中美紧张达顶峰，中国产品面临最高税率。北京实施报复性关税，双方税率一度飙至三位数，贸易几近停滞。5月双方同意部分暂缓措施，使中国对美商品关税较年初增加30%，美国对华商品面临10%新关税。两国仍在讨论中国稀土准入、采购俄石油及美国对华高科技（含芯片）出口限制等问题。特朗普近期放宽部分出口限制，允许AMD和英伟达等恢复对华销售特定芯片，条件是将15%收入上交美国政府。这一"史无前例"协议引发"敲诈"批评。美国还推动TikTok与字节跳动剥离，遭中方反对。特朗普周一未明确承诺延期但称谈判"进展良好"，前一天他刚呼吁中国多买美国大豆。即便休战期延续，今年双边贸易仍受冲击。美国政府数据显示6月对华进口同比减半，上半年自华进口1650亿美元同比下降约15%，对华出口同比降约20%。
