【新闻摘要】
德国新总理默茨最近上演了一出"外交变脸秀"：先是承认欧洲过去在防务上"蹭美国顺风车"，现在又和特朗普称兄道弟，每周煲"电话粥"。这位69岁的总理刚上任就修改宪法狂砸军费，还拉着英法搞"欧洲三剑客"联盟。最绝的是，他一边说特朗普对欧洲"爱答不理"，一边又夸总统先生"终于开窍了"——这精分操作，连美国副总统万斯在慕尼黑安全会议上怼欧洲的"直球发言"都显得可爱了起来。不过默茨总理的伦敦之行倒是收获颇丰，不仅和英国首相签了"兄弟同心协议"，还顺带解决了乌克兰的远程火炮短缺问题。只是不知道当8月1日美国对欧盟30%关税大棒落下时，这份跨大西洋塑料友情还能不能经得起考验？
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**Germany's Merz tells BBC Europe was free-riding on US**
德国总理默茨向BBC承认欧洲过去在防务上依赖美国
**4 days ago Share Save Paul Kirby Europe digital editor Share Save**
4天前 分享 保存 欧洲数字编辑保罗·柯比 分享 保存
**Jeff Overs/BBC Friedrich Merz has met President Donald Trump three times since becoming chancellor in early May**
Jeff Overs/BBC 默茨五月就任总理后已三次会晤特朗普总统
German Chancellor Friedrich Merz has accepted US accusations that Europe was doing too little to fund its own defence and security, but now believes they are on the same page."We know we have to do more on our own and we have been free-riders in the past," he told the BBC's Today Programme,"they're asking us to do more and we are doing more." Merz was in the UK to boost defence ties with Germany, as part of an historic friendship treaty that also aims to tackle irregular migration and promote youth exchanges. Russia's war with Ukraine has framed the early weeks of his chancellorship, as has US President Donald Trump's threat to impose 30% import tariffs on European Union exports from 1 August.
德国总理弗里德里希·默茨承认美国对欧洲防务投入不足的批评，但表示现在双方已达成共识。"我们知道必须加强自主防务，过去确实存在搭便车行为，"他在BBC《今日》节目中说，"美方要求我们承担更多，我们正在落实。"默茨此次访英旨在深化德英防务合作，这是两国历史性友好条约的一部分，该条约还涉及应对非法移民和促进青年交流。俄乌战争和美国总统特朗普威胁自8月1日起对欧盟商品征收30%关税，构成其执政初期的双重挑战。
**Merz told Nick Robinson, in his first UK broadcast interview as chancellor, that he had now met Trump three times and they were on good speaking terms:"I think President Trump is on the same page; we are trying to bring this war to an end.""We are on the phone once a week; we are co-ordinating our efforts. One issue is the war in Ukraine, and the second is our trade debates and tariffs." Merz was a vocal supporter of Ukraine on the campaign trail, and visited Kyiv months before he took Germany's centre-right Christian Democrats to victory in elections in February. Four days after he was sworn in early in May, he was on a train to Kyiv in a show of solidarity with Prime Minister Sir Keir Starmer and President Emmanuel Macron of France."We are seeing a big threat, and the threat is Russia. And this threat is not only on Ukraine. It's on our peace, on our freedom, on the political order of Europe," he warned. Listen to Political Thinking: Nick Robinson talking to Friedrich Merz In the run-up to the German elections, US Vice-President JD Vance shocked an audience at the Munich Security Conference with a list of accusations against European allies, including the UK. Reflecting on the remarks, Merz said the government"had to draw our consequences out of that". The message from Vance's"very open manner" had, in other words, been heard loud and clear.**
默茨在接受BBC尼克·罗宾逊的首次英国电视专访时透露，他已三次会晤特朗普且沟通良好："我认为特朗普总统立场一致，我们正努力结束这场战争。""我们每周通话一次，协调行动重点：一是乌克兰战争，二是贸易争端与关税问题。"这位总理在竞选期间就力挺乌克兰，今年二月带领中右翼基民盟胜选前数月曾访问基辅。五月宣誓就职仅四天后，他立即与英国首相斯塔默爵士、法国总统马克龙同乘火车前往基辅展现团结。"我们面临重大威胁，这个威胁就是俄罗斯。它不仅针对乌克兰，更危及欧洲的和平、自由和政治秩序，"他警告道。美国副总统万斯在德国大选前的慕尼黑安全会议上激烈指责欧洲盟友（包括英国）的言论曾引发震动。默茨坦言政府"必须从中吸取教训"，换言之，美方"直白态度"传递的信息已被清晰接收。
**Jeff Overs/BBC Merz was speaking to the BBC's Nick Robinson in his first UK broadcast interview as chancellor**
Jeff Overs/BBC 默茨以总理身份接受BBC尼克·罗宾逊首次电视专访
**Canan Atilgan of the Konrad Adenauer Foundation in London which is closely affiliated to Merz's party believes that had a profound effect on the incoming chancellor:"I think in Munich he thought we lost the Americans - we have to look after ourselves - and then Zelensky in the Oval Office happened."**
与默茨政党关系密切的伦敦康拉德·阿登纳基金会成员卡南·阿蒂尔甘认为，此事对新总理影响深远："慕尼黑会议让他觉得失去了美国支持，必须自力更生，随后就发生了泽连斯基访美事件。"
**Even before he had been sworn in, the chancellor steered through a change in the German constitution to enable a huge rise in defence spending, saying the rule now for German defence was to do whatever it takes."We are not strong enough, our army is not strong enough, so that's the reason why we are spending a lot of money," he said in his BBC interview. Together, the UK, Germany and France are working on a triangular alliance of major European powers, dubbed the E3, which Merz says will focus not just on security and foreign policy but on economic growth as well. The chancellor said he was now"very close with Keir Starmer" and with the French president too. Macron is due to visit him in Berlin next week. The French leader signed a wide-ranging treaty with Germany in Aachen in 2019, and last week he agreed a deeper defence pact during a state visit to the UK, so the UK-German friendship treaty completes a triangle of bilateral ties. Sitting in the plush surroundings of the German embassy, Friedrich Merz was about to head to the Victoria and Albert Museum to sign the pact with the Prime Minister.**
就职前，默茨就推动修宪大幅增加军费，称德国防务将"不惜代价"。"我们实力不足，军队不够强大，因此需要巨额投入，"他在BBC采访中解释。目前英德法正构建"欧洲三巨头"(E3)联盟，默茨表示该联盟不仅关注安全外交，还将促进经济增长。他自称与英国首相斯塔默"关系密切"，与法国总统马克龙也交好——后者将于下周访德。2019年马克龙在亚琛与德国签署全面条约，上周访英期间又达成深度防务协议，此次英德友好条约签署后，三国将形成双边关系三角。在德国大使馆豪华会客厅，默茨正准备前往维多利亚与阿尔伯特博物馆同英国首相签约。
**EPA The two leaders signed the treaty at the Victoria and Albert museum about a mile from the German embassy**
EPA 两国领导人在距德使馆一英里的V&A博物馆签署条约
**Merz said the bilateral treaty renewed the two allies' commitment to defend each other - which is not just part of the Nato treaty but was also previously part of their alliance when the UK was in the EU. British and German firms already collaborate in making products such as Typhoon Eurofighter jets and Boxer armoured vehicles, and the two governments have agreed to launch joint export campaigns that Downing Street believes could attract billions of pounds. They are also developing a missile with a range of 2,000km (1,250 miles) and the chancellor later told a press conference that Ukraine would soon receive substantial additional support in"long-range fire". Merz, 69, is regarded as a strong believer in the transatlantic alliance and knows the US well from his years outside politics working for an American investment firm. However, on the night of his election victory he declared that the Trump administration was"largely indifferent to the fate of Europe", a remark seen at the time as undiplomatic for a chancellor-in-waiting. Asked if he had since changed his mind, he said he had not, as Trump was"not as clear and as committed as former US presidents were, former US administrations were".**
默茨称该条约重申了两国相互防卫承诺——这不仅是北约条款，也曾是英国在欧盟时的同盟义务。两国企业已在台风战斗机、拳击手装甲车等装备上开展合作，双方同意的联合出口计划预计将带来数十亿英镑收益。两国还在研发射程2000公里（1250英里）的导弹，默茨在记者会上透露乌克兰将很快获得"远程火力"增援。69岁的默茨被视为跨大西洋联盟坚定支持者，其曾在美国投行工作的经历使他对美有深入了解。但胜选之夜他称特朗普政府"对欧洲命运漠不关心"，当时被批有失候任总理身份。被问及是否改变看法时，他予以否认，称特朗普"不如往届总统和政府立场明确坚定"。
**The Americans were moving away from Europe and turning to Asia, he observed, and that was why it was important to look at greater independence from American defence. The UK has largely escaped the turbulence surrounding US tariffs on its exports, but the European Union is facing a deadline less than two weeks away, and the threat of 30% tariffs on all its goods. EU trade negotiator Maroš Šefčovič travelled to Washington this week in search of a deal that would spare all 27 member states from a surge in US import taxes. Merz sees the high tariffs as unacceptable and killing Germany's export industry."My observation is that the president himself is seeing the challenges and that he is willing to come to an agreement. He gets it."**
他指出美国战略重心正从欧洲转向亚洲，因此欧洲必须增强防务自主性。英国基本未受美国关税政策影响，但欧盟距30%全面关税威胁的最后期限已不足两周。欧盟贸易委员马罗什·谢夫乔维奇本周赴华盛顿寻求豁免协议。默茨认为高关税将重创德国出口业，但表示"观察到总统本人已意识到问题并愿达成协议，他明白了"。
