【新闻摘要】
谷歌的地震预警系统在土耳其大地震中上演了一出"哑剧"！本该向1000万人发出的"立即行动"警报，最后只发了469条——这比中彩票的概率还低。更讽刺的是，系统给50万人发了"轻微震动"的温柔提醒，而当时建筑物正在倒塌。谷歌的解释堪称科技公司经典话术："我们正在从每次地震中学习改进"。土耳其人可能只想说：拜托，我们需要的不是"事后诸葛亮"，而是能在地震前35秒把人吵醒的"电子尖叫鸡"啊！
Google failed to warn 10 million of Turkey earthquake
谷歌地震预警系统在土耳其地震中漏发千万警报
EPA
欧洲新闻图片社
Google has admitted its earthquake early warning system failed to accurately alert people during Turkey's deadly quake of 2023.
谷歌承认其地震预警系统在2023年土耳其大地震中未能准确发出警报
Ten million people within 98 miles of the epicentre could have been sent Google's highest level alert - giving up to 35 seconds of warning to find safety.
震中98英里范围内的1000万人本应收到最高级别警报（提供长达35秒避险时间）
Instead, only 469"Take Action" warnings were sent out for the first 7.8 magnitude quake.
但实际上对首次7.8级地震仅发出469条"立即行动"警报
Google told the BBC half a million people were sent a lower level warning, which is designed for"light shaking", and does not alert users in the same prominent way.
谷歌向BBC表示向50万人发送了针对"轻微震动"的低级别预警（该提醒不会强制弹出）
The tech giant previously told the BBC the system had"performed well".
这家科技巨头此前向BBC声称系统"表现良好"
The system works on Android devices, which make up more than 70% of the phones in Turkey.
该系统适用于占土耳其手机市场70%以上的安卓设备
More than 55,000 people died when two major earthquakes hit south-east Turkey on 6 February 2023, more than 100,000 were injured.
2023年2月6日土耳其东南部两次强震造成超5.5万人遇难、10万余人受伤
Many were asleep in buildings that collapsed around them when the tremors hit.
地震发生时许多人在睡梦中被倒塌建筑掩埋
Google's early warning system was in place and live on the day of the quakes – however it underestimated how strong the earthquakes were.
谷歌预警系统当日已启用，但低估了地震强度
"We continue to improve the system based on what we learn in each earthquake", a Google spokesperson said.
谷歌发言人表示"正根据每次地震经验持续改进系统"
How it works
系统工作原理
Google's system, named Android Earthquake Alerts (AEA), is able to detect shaking from a vast number of mobile phones that use the Android operating system.
谷歌"安卓地震警报"系统通过海量安卓手机检测震动
Because earthquakes move relatively slowly through the earth, a warning can then be sent out.
由于地震波传播较慢，系统可提前发出预警
Google's most serious warning is called"Take Action", which sets off a loud alarm on a user's phone - overriding a Do Not Disturb setting - and covering their screen.
最高级别"立即行动"警报会触发手机强提醒（覆盖屏幕并突破勿扰模式）
This is the warning that is supposed to be sent to people when stronger shaking is detected that could threaten human life.
检测到危及生命的强震时应发送该警报
AEA also has a less serious"Be Aware" warning, designed to inform users of potential lighter shaking - a warning that does not override a device on Do Not Disturb.
系统还设有不突破勿扰模式的"注意警戒"次级预警
The Take Action alert was especially important in Turkey due to the catastrophic shaking and because the first earthquake struck at 04:17, when many users would have been asleep.
"立即行动"警报对凌晨4:17发生的强震尤为关键（多数用户当时在睡眠中）
Only the more serious alert would have woken them.
只有强提醒才能唤醒用户
In the months after the earthquake the BBC wanted to speak to users who had been given this warning - initially with aims to showcase the effectiveness of the technology.
震后数月BBC试图采访收到警报的用户（原计划展示技术成效）
But despite speaking to people in towns and cities across the zone impacted by the earthquake, over a period of months, we couldn't find anyone who had received a more serious Take Action notification before the quake struck.
但历时数月走访灾区后，未发现任何人在震前收到强提醒
We published our findings later that year.
调查结果已于当年公布
'Limitations'
系统局限性
Google told the BBC that the system had"limitations" and that it was working to improve accuracy.
谷歌向BBC表示系统存在"局限性"，正努力提高准确性
The company said that in some cases the system had underestimated the severity of the quake because it was receiving conflicting data from different sensors.
公司解释称因传感器数据冲突导致部分情况低估震级
It added that the system was designed to"minimise false alarms" which could lead to unnecessary panic.
系统设计初衷是"最大限度减少引发不必要恐慌的误报"
In Turkey, where building standards are known to be poor, every second of warning could have made a difference.
在建筑标准较差的土耳其，每秒钟预警都可能改变生死
"Even 10 seconds would have given people time to get out of bed and stand in a doorway," said seismologist Prof Haluk Eyidogan.
地震学家指出"10秒就够人们下床躲到门框处"
Google said it was now working with Turkish authorities to improve the system's performance.
谷歌表示正与土耳其当局合作提升系统表现
The tech firm has previously highlighted how its system successfully alerted users during earthquakes in California and Indonesia.
该公司曾宣传该系统在加州和印尼地震中的成功案例
But the failure in Turkey raises questions about how reliable such technology can be in poorer countries with weaker infrastructure.
但土耳其的失灵引发对技术欠发达国家可靠性的质疑
"Early warning systems are only as good as the infrastructure they're built on," said disaster response expert Dr Yasemin Didem Aktas.
灾害应对专家表示"预警系统效果取决于基础设施水平"
For now, Google says it will continue to refine the system, but admits it may never be perfect.
谷歌称将持续优化系统，但承认可能永远无法完美
In the wake of the tragedy, Turkey has also been investing in its own early warning systems.
悲剧发生后土耳其也开始投资自主预警系统
