生成中...【新闻摘要】
"华盛顿特区犯罪率失控？特朗普总统紧急调兵遣将，誓要‘解放首都’，而市长却亮出30年最低犯罪数据。双方隔空交锋，BBC带您查证：究竟是治安危机还是政治大戏？连FBI和特区警方的统计都在‘打架’，市民们只能边吃瓜边锁好车门——毕竟劫车案虽比去年少，但谁也不想成为那189分之一！"
---
**Is crime in Washington DC 'out of control', as Trump claims?**
华盛顿特区犯罪率真的"失控"了吗？特朗普说法是否属实？
**3 hours ago Share Save Lucy Gilder & Jake Horton BBC Verify Share Save**
3小时前 分享 保存 露西·吉尔德与杰克·霍顿 BBC事实核查团队
**President Donald Trump has said he will deploy hundreds of National Guard troops to Washington DC and is taking control of its police department to fight crime. At a press conference, he declared"Liberation Day" for the city and pledged to"rescue our nation's capital from crime, bloodshed, bedlam and squalor and worse".**
唐纳德·特朗普总统宣布将派遣数百名国民警卫队队员进驻华盛顿特区，并接管当地警方以打击犯罪。他在记者会上称该日为"解放日"，誓言"将首都从犯罪、流血、混乱与肮脏中拯救出来"。
**However, Washington DC Mayor Muriel Bowser has said the city has"seen a huge decrease in crime" and that it was"at a 30-year violent crime low". BBC Verify looks at what the figures show about violent crime in the capital and how it compares to other cities in the US.**
然而华盛顿特区市长穆丽尔·鲍泽表示，该市"犯罪率大幅下降"，"暴力犯罪处于30年来最低水平"。BBC事实核查团队通过数据解析特区暴力犯罪现状及全美横向对比。
---
**Is violent crime up in Washington DC?**
华盛顿特区暴力犯罪是否增加？
**Trump's executive order declaring"a crime emergency in the District of Columbia" mentions"rising violence in the capital". In his press conference he made repeated references to crime being"out of control".**
特朗普在宣布"哥伦比亚特区犯罪紧急状态"的行政令中提到"首都暴力事件上升"，记者会上多次强调犯罪"已失控"。
**But according to crime figures published by Washington DC's Metropolitan Police (MPDC), violent offences fell after peaking in 2023 and in 2024 hit their lowest level in 30 years. They are continuing to fall, according to preliminary data for 2025. Violent crime overall is down 26% this year compared to the same point in 2024, and robbery is down 28%, according to the MPDC.**
但特区警方(MPDC)数据显示，暴力犯罪在2023年达峰后持续下降，2024年创30年新低。2025年初步数据显示降势延续——今年暴力犯罪总量较2024年同期下降26%，抢劫案下降28%。
**Trump and the DC Police Union have questioned the veracity of the city police department's crime figures.**
特朗普与特区警察工会质疑警方数据的真实性。
---
**Getty Images FBI agents agents patrolled the streets in Washington DC over the weekend**
盖蒂图片社 FBI特工上周末在华盛顿特区街头巡逻
**Violent crime is reported differently by the MPDC and the FBI - another major source of US crime statistics. MPDC public data showed a 35% fall for 2024, while the FBI data showed a 9% drop.**
MPDC与FBI（美国犯罪统计另一主要来源）对暴力犯罪的报告存在差异：MPDC显示2024年下降35%，FBI数据则为9%。
**So the figures agree that crime is falling in DC, but differ on the level of that decline. The downward trend is"unmistakable and large", according to Adam Gelb, the CEO of the Council on Criminal Justice (CCJ), a legal think tank.**
双方数据均显示犯罪率下降，但降幅认定不同。刑事司法委员会(CCJ)智库CEO亚当·盖尔布认为"下降趋势显著且幅度巨大"。
**"The numbers shift depending on what time period and what types of crime you examine," said Mr Gelb."But overall there's an unmistakable and large drop in violence since the summer of 2023, when there were peaks in homicide, gun assaults, robbery, and carjacking."**
"数据因统计时段与犯罪类型而异，但自2023年夏季凶杀、持枪袭击、抢劫及劫车案达峰后，暴力犯罪出现明显大幅下降。"
---
**What about murder rates?**
凶杀率情况如何？
**Trump also claimed that"murders in 2023 reached the highest rate probably ever" in Washington DC - adding that numbers"just go back 25 years". When we asked the White House the source for the figures, they said it was"numbers provided by the FBI".**
特朗普称"2023年特区凶杀率可能创历史新高"，并称数据"仅追溯25年"。白宫向BBC表示数据来源为FBI。
**The homicide rate did spike in 2023 to around 40 per 100,000 residents - the highest rate in 20 years, according to FBI data. However, that was not the highest ever recorded - it was significantly higher in the 1990s and in the early 2000s.**
FBI数据显示，2023年凶杀率确实激增至每10万人40起，为20年来最高，但仍低于1990年代与2000年代初的历史峰值。
**The homicide rate dropped in 2024 and this year it is down 12% on the same point last year, according to the MPDC.**
MPDC称2024年凶杀率下降，今年同比再降12%。
**Studies have suggested that the capital's homicide rate is higher than average, when compared to other major US cities. As of 11 August, there have been 99 homicides so far this year in Washington DC - including a 21-year-old congressional intern shot dead in crossfire, a case Trump referred to in his press conference.**
研究显示特区凶杀率高于全美主要城市平均水平。截至8月11日，今年已发生99起凶杀案，包括特朗普提及的国会实习生遭流弹击中案。
---
**What about carjackings?**
劫车案情况如何？
**The president also mentioned the case of a 19-year-old former employee of the Department of Government Efficiency (Doge) who was injured in an alleged attempted carjacking in the capital at the start of August. Trump claimed"the number of carjackings has more than tripled" over the last five years.**
特朗普还提及8月初政府效率部(Doge)一名19岁前雇员在特区疑似劫车案中受伤，并称"过去五年劫车案增长超三倍"。
**So far this year, the MPDC has recorded 189 carjacking offences, down from 300 in the same period last year. According to the CCJ, carjacking rose markedly from 2020 onward and spiked to a monthly peak of 140 reported incidents in June 2023.**
MPDC统计今年迄今发生189起劫车案，低于去年同期的300起。CCJ指出劫车案自2020年显著上升，2023年6月达单月140起峰值。
**Since July 2025, a citywide curfew has been in force for people under the age of 17 from 23:00 to 06:00. It was introduced to combat juvenile crime - including carjacking - which often spikes in the summer months.**
2025年7月起，特区实施17岁以下未成年人宵禁（23:00-06:00），旨在遏制夏季高发的青少年犯罪（含劫车案）。
---
**How does crime compare to other parts of the US?**
与其他美国地区相比如何？
（注：原文此部分未展开，故保留标题待续）
