加勒比海的这些岛屿,只要你购买房产,就能获得护照。
生成中...【新闻摘要】
加勒比海房产中介最近卖房送"身份"的广告词可能是:买一栋海景房,送一本通行150国的护照,还附赠终身免税特权!美国富豪们正在上演现实版"逃离德黑兰"——只不过他们逃离的是国内的枪击案和选举焦虑。安提瓜的房产中介纳迪亚·迪森表示:"去年客户还只是来买度假屋,现在开口就是'我要能换护照的房子'。"不过这套"购房入籍"计划也引发争议,有人批评这是"把国家身份当商品卖",欧盟更威胁要取消这些岛国的免签待遇。看来加勒比海不仅盛产阳光沙滩,还生产"身份焦虑"的解药啊!
The Caribbean islands that give you a passport if you buy a home
购房送护照的加勒比海岛国
Nadia Dyson Estate agent Nadia Dyson says there has been a big increase in the number of people seeking Antiguan citizenship
房产中介纳迪亚·迪森表示寻求安提瓜公民身份的人数激增
Scroll through homes for sale in the Eastern Caribbean and it is no longer just bewitching beaches and a laid-back lifestyle being touted to woo buyers.
浏览东加勒比海待售房产时,吸引买家的不再仅是迷人的海滩和悠闲的生活方式
More and more property listings are offering a passport too – and political and social volatility in the US is said to be fuelling an upsurge in interest.
越来越多的房产广告还提供护照——据称美国的政治社会动荡正推高这项需求
Five of the region's island nations – Antigua and Barbuda, Dominica, Grenada, St Kitts and Nevis, and St Lucia – offer such citizenship by investment (CBI) from as little as $200,000 (£145,000).
该地区五个岛国提供20万美元起的投资入籍计划(CBI)
Buy a home, and you also get a passport that grants the holder visa-free access to up to 150 countries including the UK and Europe's Schengen area.
购房即可获得通行英国、申根区等150国的免签护照
For the wealthy, the islands' absence of taxes such as capital gains and inheritance, and in some cases on income too, is another major draw.
对富豪而言,免征资本利得税、遗产税(部分岛国还免所得税)是另一大吸引力
And all five of the region's schemes allow buyers to retain their existing citizenship.
所有五个项目都允许投资者保留原有国籍
In Antigua, estate agents are struggling to keep up with demand, says Nadia Dyson, owner of Luxury Locations.
安提瓜高端房产中介表示需求激增难以应付
"Up to 70% of all buyers right now are wanting citizenship, and the vast majority are from the US," she tells the BBC.
"目前70%买家冲着公民身份而来,且多数是美国公民"
"We don't talk politics with them, but the unstable political landscape [in the US] is definitely a factor.
"我们不谈政治,但美国政局不稳绝对是影响因素"
"This time last year, it was all lifestyle buyers and a few CBI. Now they're all saying 'I want a house with citizenship'. We've never sold so many before."
"去年此时多是购买度假屋,现在都要求'能换护照的房产',销量前所未有"
Despite Antigua's programme having no residency requirement, some purchasers are looking to relocate full-time, Ms Dyson says, adding:"A few have relocated already."
尽管安提瓜没有居住要求,部分买家仍计划永久移居
US citizens account for the bulk of CBI applications in the Caribbean over the past year, according to investment migration experts Henley & Partners.
投资移民专家表示美国公民占加勒比地区CBI申请主体
Ukraine, Turkey, Nigeria and China are among the other most frequent countries of origin of applicants, says the UK firm which has offices around the world.
乌克兰、土耳其、尼日利亚和中国也是主要申请来源国
It adds that overall applications for Caribbean CBI programmes have increased by 12% since the fourth quarter of 2024.
2024年四季度以来加勒比CBI申请总量增长12%
Getty Images Passports from the five island nations give the holder visa-free entry to most countries around the world
盖蒂图片社:五国护照提供全球多数国家免签待遇
Everything from gun violence to anti-Semitism is putting Americans on tenterhooks, according to the consultancy's Dominic Volek.
咨询专家指出从枪支暴力到反犹主义都让美国人寻求"避险方案"
"Around 10-15% actually relocate. For most it's an insurance policy against whatever they're concerned about. Having a second citizenship is a good back-up plan," he explains.
"约10-15%会真正移居,对多数人这只是应对担忧的保险策略"
Mr Volek says the ease-of-travel advantages the Caribbean passports provide appeals to businesspeople, and may also present a security benefit.
加勒比护照的旅行便利性吸引商人,也提供安全备份
"Some US clients prefer to travel on a more politically-benign passport."
"部分美国客户倾向持政治中立护照旅行"
Prior to the Covid pandemic, the US was not even on Henley's"radar", Mr Volek continues.
疫情前美国客户根本不在目标范围内
Movement restrictions proved"quite a shock" for affluent people used to travelling freely on private jets, prompting the first surge in stateside CBI applications.
旅行限制促使富豪首次大规模申请
Interest ratcheted up again after the 2020 and 2024 US elections.
2020和2024年美国大选后需求再次激增
"There are Democrats that don't like Trump but also Republicans that don't like Democrats," Mr Volek says.
"不喜欢特朗普的民主党人和不喜欢民主党的共和党人都在申请"
"In the last two years we've gone from having zero offices in the US to eight across all major cities, with another two to three opening in the coming months."
"两年内我们在美国从零办公室扩展到八大城市,未来数月还将新增2-3家"
Robert Taylor, from Halifax in Canada, bought a property in Antigua where he plans to retire later this year.
加拿大买家购入安提瓜房产准备退休居住
He invested $200,000 just before the real estate threshold was raised to $300,000 last summer.
他在投资门槛从20万涨至30万美元前完成购房
Not only does being a citizen avoid restrictions on length of stay, it also gives him the freedom to take advantage of business opportunities, he explains.
公民身份既免除居留时限,也便于把握商机
"I chose Antigua because it has beautiful water, I find the people very, very friendly and it also means great weather for the later part of my life."
"选择安提瓜因其美丽海域、友善居民和宜人气候"
Still, such programmes are not without controversy.
但该计划并非没有争议
When passport sales were first mooted in 2012 by the then Antiguan government as a way of propping up the ailing economy, some considered the ethics a little iffy.
2012年安提瓜政府首次提出"卖护照"振兴经济时引发伦理争议
Protesters took to the streets in condemnation, recalls former Speaker of the House Gisele Isaac.
前议长回忆当时民众上街抗议
"There was a sense of nationalism; people felt we were selling our identity, so to speak, to people who knew nothing about us," she says.
"存在民族主义情绪,民众认为我们在向不了解本国的人出售身份"
Leaders of some other Caribbean nations that do not offer CBIs have also been quick to criticise, including St Vincent and the Grenadines' Prime Minister Ralph Gonsalves.
其他加勒比国家领导人批评该计划
He has previously said citizenship should not be"a commodity for sale".
圣文森特总理曾表示"公民身份不应是待售商品"
The Caribbean's appeal as a place to live is obvious
加勒比海作为居住地的吸引力显而易见
Among the international community, there are fears that lax oversight may help criminals get through their borders.
国际社会担忧监管松懈可能让犯罪分子钻空子
The European Union has threatened to withdraw its coveted visa-free access for Caribbean CBI countries, while the US has previously raised concerns over the potential for such schemes to be used as a vehicle for tax evasion and financial crime.
欧盟威胁取消免签待遇,美国则担忧其成为逃税和金融犯罪工具
A European Commission spokesperson tells the BBC that it is"monitoring" the five Caribbean schemes, and has been in talks with their respective authorities since 2022.
欧盟委员会表示自2022年起持续监控并与各国协商
She says an ongoing assessment is seeking to substantiate if citizenship by investment constitutes"an abuse of the visa-free regime those countries enjoy vis-à-vis the EU and whether it is likely to lead to security risks for the EU".
正在评估投资入籍是否滥用免签制度及构成安全风险
The Commission has acknowledged reforms carried out by the islands, which it says will have an impact on its evaluation.
欧盟认可各国改革举措将影响评估结果